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Revisiting The REC Series: When Possession Goes Viral, And How It Impacted the Found Footage Genre

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Anybody following Horror Press for the past year knows how much I love the V/H/S films (more on V/H/S/94 here, and V/H/S/99 here!). But if there’s one found footage series I care for even more than V/H/S; it’s REC.

For the uninitiated, REC is a foreign series of horror films following the outbreak of a viral infection in a quarantined apartment in the heart of Spain, and its eventual spread outward. Written and directed by Jaume Balagueró, it begins with the tale of late-night news reporter Angela Vidal whose spotlight on Barcelona firefighters is interrupted during a routine call. After local authorities seal off the building due to a resident’s dog infecting an entire kennel with an unidentifiable contagion, all hell breaks loose as the people inside one by one succumb to the disease.

If you haven’t seen the film, spoilers ahead.

BEYOND ALL EXPECTATIONS

As Angela finds herself inadvertently investigating the virus transmitted through violent maulings from feral, zombie-like victims, she finds out the penthouse of the apartment is host to a demonically possessed little girl, whose body has been warped by the part-disease, part-demon entity inside of her (portrayed by none other than now legendary creature actor Javier Botet in his first big breakout role).

Surprise, all the undead are also possessed!

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Besides being a neat twist on both possession and zombie films, Balagueró utilizes it in several fun ways; for one, all the undead look like their progenitor in mirrors, showing off that intrinsic demonic link. The most memorable of these details is a scene in REC 3 where the hordes of undead are unexpectedly paralyzed by a priest reciting a prayer over an intercom system, which blew my mind when I saw it for how clever it was. That’s not even counting the grotesque effects, like how La Niña Medeiros passes the main demon onto Angela. And as is to be expected, a few homages to The Exorcist & Evil Dead are scattered throughout for eagle-eyed viewers.

As the series continued, its sense of escalation was best compared to the Resident Evil video games. If RECand REC 2 are the straight-laced and dire counterparts of the first two games, the closest comparison for REC 3: Genesis would be Resident Evil 4: it’s a roller coaster of bloody fun that mostly shirks off the found footage element as writer Paco Plaza takes the directing helm. Do you want a bootleg Spongebob evading demons or a chainsaw-wielding, blood-spattered bride? You watch REC 3.

Eat your heart out, Grace le Domas.

That film has little to do with the main storyline, but don’t worry: REC 4: Apocalypse is an excellent send-off for Angela and ramps up the stakes appropriately with explosions of blood so big they needed heavy-duty tarps on set, though this abandons the found footage aesthetic (it also takes place on a boat, which I guess makes it Resident Evil: Revelations?). It’s even more impressive how well it turned out with the technical constraints that Balaguero said made it a “nightmare” to shoot. The point is, you can pick any as your favorite, and I’ll understand why for any answer you give.

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I never gave a fair shake to Balagueró’s magnum opus of viral demonic possession until I was older, always putting off watching the movies in high school since I made the fatal mistake many American horror fans do: I watched the terrible American remake, Quarantine, first. Not only did I miss out on possibly the best-found footage of the decade, but I also missed an essential piece of horror history.

Because the truth is, the genre owes way more to REC than just a few fun movies.

BEYOND THE FOUND FOOTAGE DARK AGES

Before REC there was…Not a whole lot worth talking about. At least in the years following the big dog of the genre, The Blair Witch Project. When it came to found footage post-1999, the name of the game was Blair Witch…until it wasn’t.

Subtlety flew out the window when studios realized that, from a profit perspective, Daniel Myrick & Eduardo Sánchez’s little masterpiece was a loud and resounding Civil War-era cannon that broke after firing once, not the money-printing machine gun they anticipated. You couldn’t replicate the cultural zeitgeist and perfect storm of events that made Blair Witch popular, but you could harvest some very base gimmicks. Looking at the found footage genre during the gap between Blair Witch 2 and the REC films, you’ll notice that the films popping up are all bland at best and hot messes at worst.

Yes, you have your “Blatant Blair Witch Rip-offs” with titles like The Dark Area and Blackwood Evil that recycle carbon copy plots. But more importantly, you have what eventually became the genre of detritus that is “Disturbing Found Footage Horror Movies” (see The Poughkeepsie Tapes, August Underground), trash solely existing to be on a listicle with other grotesque films that are the cinematic equivalent of a twelve-year-old boy saying slurs in an Xbox lobby.

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The latter had the most impact, inspiring a wave of lukewarm, lurid pseudo-true-crime slop that struggles for verisimilitude, attempting to disgust the audience first and make a movie second. Being reminded what you’re watching is “ABSOLUTELY REAL AND TRUE FOOTAGE” never ends up helping the enjoyability of that fare. In fact, it made for what I’d consider the Dark Ages of Found Footage.

There is admittedly some good among all this bad: hits like Japan’s Noroi were made, finally getting its due in some online circles for being a genuinely terrifying film. There’s also the endlessly entertaining Behind the Mask: The Rise of Leslie Vernon, which took on the genre and made a one-of-a-kind horror mockumentary. But for every one of these, there were five forgettable flops.

Jaume Balagueró & Paco Plaza capitalized on the lack of truly thrilling found footage movies being made and squeezed a $2 million micro-budget to give back a sixteen-fold return on investment of $32.5 million. That cemented REC’s success and Balagueró cemented his movies as the pattern for great found footage on a commercial level.

BEYOND THE REC SERIES

REC’s carefully planned cinematography to simulate isolation tapped into that great fear found-footage’s realism can draw out, something that few others but The Blair Witch Project have successfully sold. Being shot entirely in real-time is a major element of what makes the film so tense to watch, along with little tricks like giving the actors incomplete scripts to force them to draw out more genuine reactions.

Audiences responded, and after Quarantine replicated the success with a higher budget (though more modest returns), studios had to take note of how lucrative the genre could be. A pet theory of mine is that it was one of the REC series’ early contemporaries, Paranormal Activity, which was in the right place and time to run with that popularity and take theatres by storm.

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Not to discredit Oren Peli’s iconic movie; there’s a reason Paranormal Activity garnered much more widespread acclaim and supersaturated the market with found footage imitators. But I would go so far as to argue that most of the Paranormal Activity films probably wouldn’t exist were it not for the success of REC as a commercial release. Though Paranormal Activity hit the film festival circuit a month before the latter’s release, REC’s commercial success would have had a stronger reverberation. There’s a high likelihood this probably seeped into producer influence going forward.

Including the eyes of horror mogul Jason Blum.

Creator of Blumhouse.

You see where I’m going with this.

Is it so hard to believe? That REC’s success begat Paranormal Activity being acquired by Paramount Pictures, and Paranormal Activity’s success begat more child successors than I have space in a single article to talk about? In a way, it’s fitting that one film about demonic possession acclaimed for its low-budget filmmaking would create the perfect conditions for…another film about demonic possession hailed for its low-budget filmmaking.

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Looking past Paranormal Activity’s own hatchlings (which I will get to that series one day, believe me), the 2010s saw the likes of The Bay, Trollhunter, and of course, V/H/S repopulating the found footage landscape with great horror. I genuinely believe REC dragged found footage back up from its watery grave, and for that, we should be thankful.

So, the next time you’re about to pop a Grave Encounters into your Blu-ray player or open up Shudder to rewatch Gonjiam Haunted Asylum, consider giving some love to the re-animator of the genre and watch one of the REC films. If anything, you’ll at least have seen one of the best-found footage films to date.

Or, in the case of REC 4, a movie where they liquefy a monkey with a boat engine.

Luis Pomales-Diaz is a freelance writer and lover of fantasy, sci-fi, and of course, horror. When he isn't working on a new article or short story, he can usually be found watching schlocky movies and forgotten television shows.

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Editorials

Is It Time for a Queer ‘Jaws’ Remake?

Is ‘Jaws’ (1974) queer coded? Jaws does pass the Bechdel test… once. Aside from a brief geographic conversation between wives, Jaws is homosocial and guided by men and their respective traumas and egos. “In the context of Jaws,” advocates author Jen Corrigan, “homoeroticism can flourish because women are taken out of the equation, but it’s not positioned as a reaction to the lack of women present.” Women are mentioned during the film’s second half, but merely as wives and past lovers. In a film centered around men, it is no wonder, then, that myself and other fans sense something queer is afoot, and maybe it’s time for Jaws to be loud and proud.

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In 2021, I joined comedians Matthew Schott and Chris Okawa on their podcast, The Adaptation Game. I was tasked to conceive my dream movie remake. I chose Jaws, and I reassigned the roles of Scheider, Shaw, and Dreyfus to actresses Kirsten Dunst, Lea DeLaria, and Tessa Thompson, respectively. I also developed a romantic storyline between Quint (DeLaria) and Hooper (Thompson). I believed this casting to be a pipe dream. However, after reading Jen Corrigan’s piece “Three Men on a Boat” in the groundbreaking essay compilation It Came from the Closet, and seeing The Shark is Broken on Broadway, I think we may be approaching a time when a queer remake is entirely possible. While Jaws is subtextually queer to some viewers, overt queerness could enliven the story for the millennium. For too long, horror fans have been dissatisfied with stale remakes of iconic horror films; we’re looking at you Friday the 13th (2009) and A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010). It is time for a fresh approach.

We Deserve a Queer Remake of Jaws.

On the surface, Jaws is a straightforward story of three men on a shark-hunting expedition. Subtextually, this story is brimming with male intimacy and vulnerability. The trio face their fears, talk about past trauma, and share constricted quarters. The tension built over days at sea, though thick, is often eased by moments of levity through touch, song, jests, and storytelling. The cast dynamic is fostered by genuine off-screen admiration and frustration for each other as people and actors, pushing themselves and their fellow actors to go further and do better. 

Jaws does pass the Bechdel test… once. Aside from a brief geographic conversation between wives, Jaws is homosocial and guided by men and their respective traumas and egos. “In the context of Jaws,” advocates author Jen Corrigan, “homoeroticism can flourish because women are taken out of the equation, but it’s not positioned as a reaction to the lack of women present.” Women are mentioned during the film’s second half, but merely as wives and past lovers. In a film centered around men, it is no wonder, then, that myself and other fans sense something queer is afoot, and maybe it’s time for Jaws to be loud and proud.

Male Intimacy in Jaws (1975)

Heather O. Petrocelli surveyed 3,774 queer horror fans for her new book Queer for Fear: Horror Film and the Queer Spectator (2023). Jaws did not appear in the top 25 favorites list among participants. However, Petrocelli reveals the adoration for haunting/paranormal films by queer viewers (91.6%), as well as monster movies (86%). “To be queer is to be haunted,” asserts Petrocelli. Stories of hauntings resonate with queer viewers, for we know what it is like to hide or be hidden away for our queerness. Who aboard the Orca isn’t haunted by something from their past? 

While in Amity and aboard the Orca, Quint, Hooper, and Brody discuss and face their myriad fears: drowning, shark attacks, being underestimated, losing communication with loved ones, and, of course, the erratic behavior of one of their crewmembers. Corrigan finds tenderness in their interactions and sees them as quite queer, especially when things get physical. “My queer reading stems from two aspects of covert communication,” states Corrigan, “the gaze and innocuous touch… Historically, queer interactions were dangerous, and, really, still are. The looks and touches between the men signal intimacy that is easy to overlook…” She then points to an early scene, when Quint asks to see Hooper’s hands. “Touching with hands has a significance in queer intimacy. It is a touch that is both erotic and personal yet can easily be perceived as casual… [Quint] takes Hooper’s hands in his and pulls Hooper toward him as if they are about to embrace…” The intimate moment abruptly turns sour, as Quint cheekily proclaims Hooper has “city hands,” used to handling money. Quint seems to relish intimidating and teasing Hooper. The two dominating personalities clash, but there is a twinkle there, an ineffable connection between the two men and characters that makes them captivating to watch. A romantic storyline does not seem too implausible in any adaptation (please, no more sequels!).

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The class difference between Quint and Hooper is a driving force for conflict. As extrapolated by The Shark is Broken, it is the acting methods of Shaw and Dreyfus that cause them to bicker off-screen. In the play, this resulted in a complicated yet sweet relationship between the actors, but not one without its blowups.

The Shark is Broken (2022)

Written by Ian Shaw and Joseph Nixon, and based on Shaw’s father’s drinking journals he kept while on set, The Shark is Broken is about the downtime between Robert Shaw (Ian Shaw), Richard Dreyfus (Alex Brightman), and Roy Scheider (Colin Donnell) as they wait for the shark to be, well, not broken during the approximately five-month shoot. Most Jaws fans know about the real-life tension between Shaw and Dreyfus, and how this tension fueled Quint and Hooper’s on-screen animosity. Shaw was a traditional theater actor, eventually moving into television and film. Dreyfus, who also found himself in theater and television, was on a quest for Hollywood stardom and fame. Though the two men clashed, often due to either Dreyfus’ ego or Shaw’s addiction, Dreyfus pined for Shaw’s approval and blessing as an actor. The Shark is Broken had a playful monotony that lent itself to both casual and intense conversations. There are tears, embraces, emotional and mental breakdowns, and painful revelations about alcoholism. And, in his downtime, Brody stripped down to a tight Speedo to sunbathe! While these moments were left off-screen, they allow audiences a glimpse at the type of intimacy that fostered the amazing chemistry between the three Jaws stars.

So, where do we go from here? Why make the subtext ‘text?’ I ask, why not? Recent sequels, including those of the Scream franchise, have been infused with new queer characters and/or plot points to much success.  Hellraiser, the 2022 remake, was applauded for casting the talented Jamie Clayton as Hellpriest/Pinhead, which is more aligned with Clive Barker’s original vision from “The Hellbound Heart.” Perhaps Jaws is too iconic to tinker with. But, Queer horror is having a big moment, and remakes have the power to boldly go where they were unable to go before.

Sources:

Corrigan, Jen. “Three Men on a Boat.” Essay. In It Came from the Closet: Queer Reflections on Horror, 95–104. New York: The Feminist Press, 2022.

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Green, Jesse. “Review: A Bloodless Postscript to ‘Jaws’ in ‘the Shark Is Broken.’” The New York Times, August 11, 2023.

Petrocelli, Heather O. Queer For Fear: Horror Film and the Queer Spectator. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2023.

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Editorials

‘Pet Sematary’ (2019) is Scarier Than You Remember

The Pet Sematary remake brought us something new within a story we knew well. It created a horror we hadn’t gotten from the previous renditions. I am positively bewildered whenever I hear someone say that the remake of Pet Sematary wasn’t scary. As a standalone film, this movie is terrifying, and I am here to remind you why.

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Before we begin, I want to preface this by saying that I hold Pet Sematary near and dear to my heart. The novel was the first full-length Stephen King book I ever read and watching the 1989 Pet Sematary movie for the first time with my older sister is a beloved childhood memory that left me scarred in the best possible way. Little gore and scares that stick with you? Little me was invested. 

As with all things beloved, when the attempt to remake Pet Sematary was announced, I was equally excited and apprehensive. 

I know some people refuse to partake in any excitement about remakes. These same people unknowingly have favorites of their own that are remakes, but I digress. The lengths people will go to downplay a remake, simply because it’s a remake, immediately gives any movie an uphill climb to endeavor. It reminds me of what Mark Twain said: “There is no such thing as a new idea. It is impossible. We simply take a lot of old ideas and put them into a sort of mental kaleidoscope.”

The Pet Sematary remake brought us something new within a story we knew well. It created a horror we hadn’t gotten from the previous renditions. I am positively bewildered whenever I hear someone say that the remake of Pet Sematary wasn’t scary. As a standalone film, this movie is terrifying, and I am here to remind you why.

Everything Making Pet Sematary (2019) Worth the Watch

We Don’t Talk About Zelda

There’s something I need to make clear right away. The point of this piece is to advocate for the Pet Sematary remake’s scariness; this is not a comparison piece against the original. That being said, it’s undeniable that the original left large shoes to fill when presenting this nightmare on screen, much of which the movie amounted to successfully. However, Andrew Hubatsek, the actor who played Zelda in 1989’s Pet Sematary, is the only Cinderella who can fill these slippers. As hard as I try to view the film as a standalone piece, this is one point that I cannot remove my expectancy bias. Zelda was the scariest part of 1989’s Pet Sematary, and the remake could not surpass his spectacular performance. There is some beauty in this, though, as the scariest parts of the 2019 Pet Sematary, directed by Kevin Kolsch and Dennis Widmyer, instead all came from the star, as it should.

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Why Gage Didn’t Die in Pet Sematary (2019)

One of the biggest gripes we’ve seen about the film is its divergence from King’s material; on that note, I have two points. First, there’s nothing wrong with a horror director bringing the idea of someone else’s horror to life their own way. Dare to be different, so long as the original work is still respected.

Second, these divergences gave us the scariest parts of the movie- scares that were brand new to Pet Sematary lore. 

Third, the movie is King-approved. Surprise, I had three points. But back to that second one. 

Spoilers from here on out. Both King’s novel and the 1989 film adaptation of Pet Sematary have two-year-old Gage Creed die by the semi-truck that killed seven-year-old Ellie instead in 2019’s Pet Sematary. This change made fans furious for the apparent unnecessary blasphemous change to the plot. 

Again, this isn’t a comparison piece, but after Miko Hughes’ performance as Gage Creed in the 1989 film, it would have been hard to see anyone else play that part anyway. Especially given that child labor laws are not the same today as they were in the eighties, that role would be tremendously difficult to pull off today with an actual toddler. Fun fact: Jete Laurence was 12 when Pet Sematary was released, and the role of Gage Creed in this film was played by twins Hugo and Lucas Lavoie.

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Through this crucial change to the plot, we can see the perspective of someone who’d been brought back, allowing us to glimpse the darkness brought forth by the Pet Sematary like never before. Gage could only say a few words, so we were given the whole painful perspective for the first time through seven-year-old Ellie.  

The Scariest Moments in Pet Sematary (2019)

“It’s only a tangle.”

From the moment Ellie returns from her resting place in the Pet Sematary, the movie is filled with a sense of dread. We know that Judd Crandall means it when he says, “Sometimes dead is better,” and that people don’t come back from the Pet Sematary quite right. This film gives us the added horrific splendor in the fact that Ellie returns in a body that was 1) mangled in a car accident and 2) had already started the process of decomposition after autopsy. (I can’t believe I even need to continue my argument for this film.)

As such, Ellie returns with a look that is evident in all that I previously mentioned. It’s a goreful tidbit I never realized was woefully absent from its predecessor and made every scene with Ellie that much more uncomfortable. There was no looking at her and denying what you were looking at. 

Because of the added insight into what an exhumed body might look like, we’re treated to the horrific bathtub scene where Louis Creed brushes his freshly undead daughter’s hair. He hits a snag, prompting her to ask in her little, evil, woodsy voice, “What was that?”

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“It’s only a tangle,” he says, as he reveals he’d snagged onto staples in the back of her head. (You know, from where they had to staple her head back together after she died? Yikes)

That’s far from the only horrific incident with Jete Laurence’s little she-demon, as Louis Creed lays in bed next to his daughter, who can’t sleep, and as she lay, quietly seething, she proclaims:

“I can hear the woods.”

A quick aside to mention that Jason Clarke’s role as the grief-stricken Louis Creed was so well done. He perfectly encapsulated this place between “I’m happy I brought my daughter back” and “Dear god, what have I done?”

These polarizing viewpoints on existence are thematic in the film, as we see Ellie go through her own crises, as she exists as a little girl, but something else entirely simultaneously. This junction is made clear by her dancing scene the morning after she comes back. Ellie’s changed back into the clothes she was buried in, twirling around like a ballerina, but with a vicious, malicious undertone growing in apparency until she smashes up the room. Ellie is the little girl she once was who loved to dance, but it’s all tainted with a growing darkness now. 

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Likewise, Rachel Creed is in her own existential crux, as she actively tries to avoid death due to her childhood trauma just to have it hit her right in her worst nightmare by losing her daughter (and subsequently being murdered by her).

Victor Pascal is also split between states of being. He exists in a limbo where his sole mission has been stopping Louis Creed from succumbing to the call of the Pet Sematary. Ironically, he more than likely perpetuates the spread of evil, as his messages alert Rachel to return to the house, securing her and Gage’s begotten fates. But I digress. 

The dancing scene gets a lot of hate, but frankly, I’m obsessed with it because it hammers in these existential contrasts. These conflicts we see experienced by everyone on screen make these people all the more “real”, and the horrors they experience more palpable. Pet Sematary has always been a scary thought for parents in general, because at its heart, it investigates the wild recesses humans will explore when faced with every parent’s worst nightmare. The Pet Sematary remake leaned hard into this core issue, and as such, served us the same horror that made Stephen King’s story great in the first place.

An Unwarranted Hatred for a Legit Scary Movie

Overall, Pet Sematary (2019) is a remarkable scary movie and doesn’t deserve half the hate it gets. Undead Ellie was pure nightmare fuel through and through, and I’m bewildered how anyone else could say otherwise.

Is Pet Sematary (2019), in fact, trash? Is Undead Ellie not scary at all?

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First, stop lying to yourself. Then, feel free to vent all your Pet Sematary-related frustrations to the Horror Press Instagram account. I won’t receive your messages, but I’m sure our Editor-In-Chief, Curator of All Things Horror Press, James-Michael Fleites, will happily pass them along to me if you remember to give us a follow while you’re there. Of course, you can always stop by to spread love, too, but do people go out of their way to do that?

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